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French ironclad Marceau
''Marceau'' was an ironclad turret ship built for the French Navy during the 1880s, the lead ship of her class. She served in the Mediterranean Squadron until 1900, when she was rebuilt and subsequently placed in reserve. She returned to service in 1906 as a torpedo training ship. During World War I, she served in Malta and Corfu as a submarine tender. The old ironclad was sold for scrapping in 1920, and while being towed to Toulon, she ran aground in a gale off Bizerte and became stranded. The wreck remained visible there until the 1930s.
==Design==
''Marceau'' had an overall length of and was long between perpendiculars. She had a beam of and a draft up to . She displaced . The ship was powered by a pair of vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, using steam provided by eight coal-fired cylindrical boilers that were trunked into a single large funnel. The engines were designed to reach and propel the ship at a top speed of , but they only managed and on the ship's sea trials.〔Gille, p. 66〕 ''Marceau'' had a range of at a speed of .〔 She had a crew of 643–651 officers and enlisted men.〔Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 292〕
The ship was armed with a main battery of two M1881 28-caliber guns and two slightly newer M1884 guns of the same caliber. These weapons were mounted in individual barbettes in a "lozenge" arrangement, with one gun forward, one aft, and two amidships.〔 The secondary battery consisted of sixteen M1884 quick-firing (QF) guns, all firing through unarmored embrasures in the hull.〔 ''Marceau''s light armament varies widely between sources: Chesneau & Kolesnik give a range of three to six 9-pounder guns, nine to eighteen 3-pounder guns, eight to twelve 1-pounder five-barrel Hotchkiss revolving cannon, and three to five torpedo tubes in deck-mounted launchers;〔 naval historian Eric Gille gives four to seven 65 mm guns, nine to twelve 47 mm guns, eight 37 mm guns and five to six torpedo tubes, all above water;〔Gille, pp. 66, 69〕 naval historian Paul Silverstone says six 65 mm guns, twelve 47 mm guns and five torpedo tubes.〔Silverstone, p. 75〕 The ship's compound armor〔 belt was thick amidships and reduced to at the stern and . The barbettes were also 450 mm thick.〔 The conning tower was protected by of armor plating and the deck was thick.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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